基于双重故障模式的微型电网电压自愈控制方法研究

针对故障干扰容易造成电网负荷损失的问题与负荷裕度较小且分布不均等问题,提出双重故障模式的微型电网电压自愈控制系统等效处理微型电网运行模式。通过有向图路径矩阵及其关联矩阵确定供电路径计算传输功率,构建网络故障关联与拓扑矩阵然后对双重故障形成关联,实现负荷裕度损失较小的条件下进行微型电网电压自愈控制的目的。实验表明,故障检测过程中负荷裕度提升值较高且分布均匀,紧急负荷补偿能力较高,故障定位下的微型电网负荷性能得到提升且具有良好的稳定性。     

基于磁控电感低压电网线电压调节器的研究

为解决低压电网线路中由于电压调节技术原因导致电压畸变,提出了一种新型低压电网线路电压调节器(LVR),并设计了磁控电感元件(MCI)。该元件可以使用一个较小的铁芯,省去了开关元件和其他运动部件,减小了铁损耗和材料损耗。基于MCI设计三相电路模型及实验平台,通过实验与仿真结果,对比电压的变化和效率均达到预期结果,验证了具有电压的无极调节功能和高鲁棒性,使得该器件可以用于低压电网电路的调节,为今后电压调节器的进一步研究提供参考。     

抗高压动态导通电阻退化的高性能GaN功率开关器件研究

GaN功率开关器件界面态和缓冲层中深能级陷阱会导致高压电流坍塌和动态导通电阻退化。为提升高性能GaN功率开关器件抗高压性能,改善动态导通电阻退化能力,应采用极值性PEALD-AlN钝化技术设计高压状况下GaN功率开关器件,实现单片集成器件的目的,在去氧化层和氮化处理GaN功率开关器件表面后,采用高温LPCVD-SiN_x钝化技术,使器件表面形成钝化层,抑制界面态导致的高压电流坍塌。同时,在高性能GaN功率开关器件电极附近注入磷离子,提升导通电阻性能,降低导通电阻退化速度。经过实验分析发现,经过极值性PEALD-AlN钝化后的GaN功率开关器件电流几乎无明显变化,在磷离子注入后,随着触发能量的变化,导通电阻变化较小,最小值达到3.16 Ω/mm,即该方法能有效抗高压动态导通电阻退化。     

基于H4结构逆变器在不同调制方式下的性能比较

针对传统双极性调制和单极性调制方式在效率、总谐波失真THD(total harmonic distortion)以及电磁干扰等方面的问题,提出上慢下快调制方式和半周期工频半周期高频调制方式2种新控制策略。上慢下快调制方式在较高电压和电流上升率的工况下,对于驱动电路以及主电路中的杂散电感、电容的电磁干扰影响,能够有效抑制。半周期工频半周期高频调制方式在调制波(正弦波)过零点处无SPWM突变,有效改善输出电压过零点振荡的问题。在Matlab/Simulink仿真平台验证了4种调制方式的可行性。最后通过实验研究,结合效率、THD这2个参数进行对比分析,比较4种调制方式的性能,通过实验数据得出所提控制策略较传统调制方式在效率、总谐波含量以及电磁干扰等方面均有改善,证明了所提控制策略的可行性与有效性。     

高效高功率密度车载双向电能变换器设计

研究设计了一种用于电动汽车电池充放电的车载双向电能变换器。充电状态下,前级采用PWM整流技术,后级采用移相全桥零电压开关电路,实现电气隔离高效的降压变换。放电状态下,双向DC-DC变换器实现升压变换,双向AC-DC作为单相全桥逆变器采用电压前馈、电压电流双闭环控制策略。本系统采用全控型器件GaN控制电流电压通断,能够使得电流电压在正负四象限工作,实现能量的正向和反向的双向传递。依据此方案设计一款开关频率100 kHz、输出功率2 kW的原理样机,经测试该系统能够有效实现能量的双向流动,并且有效提升了效率和功率密度,验证了方案的可行性。     

基于碳化硅器件的无线充电系统电源设计

碳化硅(SiC)器件耐高频高温、散热性能好、导通电阻小,应用于无线充电系统可有效提高无线充电系统的效率。文中首先对比了SiC材料与Si材料的特性,在此基础上研制了一套基于SiC器件的无线充电系统电源装置。该装置由整流模块和逆变模块构成,输入端接市电,且装置的整流模块具有功率因数校正功能。文中详细给出了整流模块的整流桥选型策略、滤波电路参数设计方法、Boost电路功率器件和无源元件设计原则及开关管控制电路设计方法,还给出了逆变模块的开关管选型策略、开关管驱动电路和开关管保护电路的设计方法。最后,实验结果验证了方案的有效性和可行性,输入侧实现了高功率因数,逆变电路开关管电压振荡得到抑制,实验样机的效率峰值可达98.2%。     

Highly Uniform and Stable Transparent Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Film Based on Silver Nanowire–PEDOT:PSS Composite for High Power Microwave Shielding

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials, especially ones with excellent shielding effectiveness (SE), high optical transmittance, long-term stability as well as high uniformity, are urgently desired to meet the requirements of many applications. Herein, an extremely transparent, stable and uniform silver nanowire (Ag NW)–poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) composite film as an EMI shielding material is prepared, which possess excellent shielding capability to both small signal and high power microwaves (HPM). The composite film exhibits SE of 30.5 dB in the frequency range of 1–12 GHz (small signal) and simultaneously has an optical transmittance of 91.0%. The SE continuously increases to 41.4 dB, while the optical transmittance still maintains at 81.1%. The composite film is very uniform, and its SE is almost unchanged even when exposed in air for a year. The SE of this composite film under the excitation of HPM is also thoroughly investigated. The HPM SE is much larger than that of small signal. As the power density of HPM is increased, the SE firstly remains unchanged, then continuously increases, and finally saturates. The SE exceeds 50 dB with the excitation power density of 40 W. More interestingly, the SE is saturated at a fixed HPM power density.     

Fabrication of High Performance PET/TLCP Fibers through the Synergistic Interfacial Enhancement and Compatibilization of Functional 1D and 2D Carbon Nanomaterials

The maleic anhydride functionalized graphene oxide (GO-MA) is fabricated by an efficient and solvent-free Diels–Alder reaction. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)/thermotropic liquid crystal polyester (TLCP), PET/TLCP/GO-MA, PET/TLCP/aminated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-NH₂), and PET/TLCP/GO-MA/MWCNTs-NH₂ composite fibers are systematically melt-spun. The structure and compatibilizing effects of GO-MA and MWCNTs-NH₂ on the mechanical, thermal, and crystallization properties of the composite fibers are indicated. The non-isothermal crystallization kinetics and X-ray diffraction (XRD) data show that TLCP and nanofillers can change the crystalline morphology of PET. The mechanical properties of the fibers rise with increasing TLCP content. The tensile strength 929 MPa and modulus 17.5 GPa of the fibers with 7 wt% TLCP and 0.25 wt% nanofillers (0.1 wt% GO-MA and 0.15 wt% MWCNTs-NH₂) are significantly higher than those with 7 wt% TLCP (tensile strength 622 MPa and modulus 16.1 GPa) and even higher than those with 15% TLCP (tensile strength 836 MPa, and modulus 18.0 GPa). When the GO-MA and MWCNTs-NH₂ co-exist, the anti-dripping phenomenon is improved. Therefore, the TLCP, GO, and MWCNTs synergistically strengthens the mechanical properties. This is promising for the industrial fabrication of high-strength fibers.     

Effects of Berry Anthocyanins on Cognitive Performance,Vascular Function and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers: A Systematic Review of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Intervention Studies in Humans

Supplementation with anthocyanins, which are a type of flavonoids mainly found in various berries, is hypothesized to be a promising approach to lower the risk of developing cognitive decline. The aim of this systematic review was to provide a comprehensive overview of dietary intervention trials describing effects of berry anthocyanins on cognitive performance in humans, while also addressing potential underlying mechanisms. A total of 1197 articles were identified through a systematic search, and 49 studies reporting effects on cognitive performance (n = 18), vascular function (n = 22), or cardiometabolic risk markers (n = 32) were included. Significant improvements were observed on memory, while some of the studies also reported effects on attention and psychomotor speed or executive function. Vascular function markers such as brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation were also affected and consistent evidence was provided for the beneficial effects of berry anthocyanins on endothelial function. Finally, studies reported improvements in blood pressure, but effects on metabolic risk markers (e.g. carbohydrate and lipid metabolism) were less consistent. In conclusion, this review provides evidence for the beneficial effects of berry anthocyanins on cognitive performance as memory improved. Whether observed anthocyanin-induced improvements in vascular function and blood pressure underlie beneficial effects on cognitive performance warrants further study.     

强化三元混合熔盐的传热性能的实验研究

太阳能发电技术中传热性能的优劣影响着太阳能的利用程度。选用石墨作为强化相变材料传热性能的添加剂与三元混合熔盐（K₂CO₃-NaCl-Li₂CO₃）按照石墨质量分数为5%、10%、15%进行混合制备,使用TC3000通用型导热系数测试仪测定16种试样的导热系数。并测试经历300次循环储能、释能实验试样的导热系数循环稳定性。实验结果表明：添加石墨后的混合相变材料导热系数最高可提升至原混合材料的3.38倍,当石墨的质量分数为15%时,混合相变材料的导热系数最大。在经历300次储能、释能实验后,材料的导热系数基本保持稳定,变化浮动不高于15%。石墨作为强化材料的添加剂,可有效提升强化材料的传热性能,具有实际工程的应用价值。